Types of Aesthetic Threads for Facial Lifting: Comparing PDO, PCL, and PLLA and Choosing the Best Option for Each Case

Introduction: Defining Aesthetic Threads and Their Types

Aesthetic threads represent an innovative, non-surgical solution for facial lifting and skin rejuvenation. They provide effective and safe results for patients experiencing skin laxity or wrinkles. Several types of threads are available today, including PDO (Polydioxanone), PCL (Polycaprolactone), and PLLA (Poly-L-lactic Acid) threads. This article reviews the characteristics of each thread type, along with key considerations for selecting the most suitable option for individual patients.

PDO Threads: Advantages and Limitations

Advantages of PDO Threads
PDO threads are among the most widely used in aesthetic medicine. They stimulate collagen production, which enhances skin elasticity and reduces wrinkles naturally. Key benefits include:

• Collagen stimulation: Promotes skin tightening and improved elasticity.
• Rapid results: Noticeable effects appear within a few days, with continued improvement over time.
• Biodegradability: PDO threads dissolve completely within approximately 6 months, offering a safe and natural option.

Limitations of PDO Threads

• Shorter duration: Results are less durable compared to PCL or PLLA threads.
• Limited efficacy in severe laxity: Less effective for advanced or deep skin sagging.
  
  

PCL Threads: Achieving Longer-Lasting Results

Advantages of PCL Threads
PCL threads remain in the skin for a longer duration and provide stronger structural support compared to PDO. They are ideal for patients with moderate-to-severe laxity. Notable benefits include:

• Extended longevity: Results last longer than PDO, often up to 12 months or more.
• Robust collagen stimulation: Effectively enhances elasticity and improves skin quality.
• Best suited for moderate-to-severe laxity: Particularly effective in patients requiring significant lifting.

Limitations of PCL Threads

• Higher discomfort: Some patients may experience more pain during insertion compared to PDO threads.
• Increased cost: Generally more expensive due to their durability and sustained outcomes.

PLLA Threads: Strong Collagen Induction for Long-Term Results

Advantages of PLLA Threads
PLLA threads offer the strongest collagen stimulation among thread types, making them highly effective for advanced skin laxity. They are particularly beneficial for patients needing long-lasting results. Benefits include:

• Powerful collagen induction: Significant improvements in texture and tightening.
• Durable outcomes: Provide longer-lasting lifting effects compared to PDO and PCL threads.
• Best for deep laxity: Ideal for patients with severe sagging or substantial volume loss.

Limitations of PLLA Threads

• Gradual results: Improvements take longer to become visible compared to PDO or PCL.
• Higher cost: Typically the most expensive among thread options.

Selecting the Best Option for Each Patient: Key Considerations

• Severe or Moderate Laxity: PLLA or PCL threads are preferred for patients with deep sagging or significant volume loss, offering stronger and more sustainable lifting.
• Mild to Moderate Laxity: PDO threads can deliver satisfactory results, particularly for patients seeking quicker, less costly interventions.
• Faster Recovery: For patients prioritizing minimal downtime, PDO threads are advantageous due to lighter side effects and quicker recovery compared to PCL or PLLA.
  
  

Conclusion

Thread lifting is an excellent non-surgical approach for facial rejuvenation. PDO, PCL, and PLLA threads each have distinct advantages and limitations, making them suitable for different clinical scenarios. By understanding the unique properties of each thread type and carefully assessing patient needs, physicians can select the most appropriate treatment to ensure optimal and natural results.